Mitral
stenosis in real audio format
Mitral regurgitation
Mitral regurgitation
may be acute or chronic. Acute cases usually present with pulmonary edema
and cardiovascular collapse and are due to acute myocardial infarction
(papillary muscle rupture), infective endocarditis, trauma, surgery or
spontaneous mitral chordal rupture. Chronic mitral regurgitation usually
presents as cardiac failure but patients may be asymptomatic. It is usually
due to rheumatic heart disease, mitral valve prolapse, cardiomyopathies,
papillary muscle dysfunction due to left ventricular failure or ischemia
or due to connective tissue diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Marfan's
syndrome or ankylosing spondylosis. In any case, a loud pan-systolic murmur
is heard and S1 is either very soft or absent.
Mitral
regurgitation in wav format
Mitral
regurgitation in real audio format
Mitral valve prolapse
alone
In mitral valve
prolapse without mitral regurgitation, S1 and S2 are heard as usual but
a systolic "click" is also heard between S1 and S2. Mitral valve prolapse
is usually due to myxomatous degeneration of the mitral valve and may also
be associated with Marfan's syndrome, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or atrial
septal defect. Many patients remain asymptomatic as well.
Mitral
valve prolapse alone in wav format
Mitral
valve prolapse alone in real audio format
Mitral valve prolapse
with mitral regurgitation
In mitral valve
prolapse with mitral regurgitation, S1, the systolic "click" and S2 are
heard but in addition to this, a systolic murmur is heard between the "click"
and S2.
Mitral
valve prolapse with mitral regurgitation in wav format
Mitral
valve prolapse with mitral regurgitation in real audio format
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