Picture 41
This picture shows epithelial cells and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in ZN stain.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Morphology: Aerobic acid-fast bacilli, stained poorly in Gram stain, grows slowly
Route of transmission: Respiratory aerosol
Investigations: Acid-fast bacilli smeaar in sputum, urine, body fluids, or tissues, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in difficult cases
Diseases:
Primary tuberculosis
Reactivation tuberculosis, can present as pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis
Treatment:
Rifampin and isoniazid and pyrazinamide combination is the recommended choice
Chemoprophylaxis with isoniazid 300 mg/day
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination